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Just thinking about the huge amount of sensitive data that is bouncing all over the Internet, 24 by

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seven makes me want to scream the word security, it is seriously clear that we need it almost as much

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as air.

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Right.

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I hope you understand words.

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Most of that data is sent out over the Internet without any encryption or any security measures, but

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at least not really the sensitive stuff which should be sent via one of the several different security

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protocols available today.

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Now, these vital protocols are really sets of conditions or rules that define how a secure connection

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is maintained.

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And when we send sensitive data through an unsecured medium like the Internet or a wireless connection

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before talking about the security protocols that data network exams or any other placement interviews

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you can ask on, I'd like to define a few terms.

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The first one is tunnelling.

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Now, tunnelling is basically a means of encapsulating one protocol with another protocol to ensure

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that the transmission is secure.

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Now, let's give an example.

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Uh, the lion's share of us use IP protocol, right?

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That is the Internet protocol known as the payload protocol, which can be encapsulated within a delivery,

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like the delivery protocol, like the IP sick.

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If you take a look at these individual packets, you would see that they're encrypted.

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If you look at the process as a whole, it appears that a point to point channel is created over the

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Internet.

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Now, make a note to yourself that usually standard protocol works at the higher level than the layer

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of than the layer in which the payload protocol is working.

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So basically a tunnel is like this.

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So if you can see here this image, so I'll take my pen.

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This tunnel is basically the IP protocol and these are the data packets that are going through the Internet

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protocol.

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It's like a protective measure so that hackers are the interceptors cannot have your data and generally

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this is together is encrypted and then sent or or you can just and encrypt this package and sent through

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the IP protocol.

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This is the basic idea of tunneling.

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You just have to imagine a tunnel and the car's going through it are the individual packets.

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And if someone tries to attack the tunnels or someone tries to harm that car, the tunnel is there to

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protect those cars.

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That is the basic idea of tunneling.

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In the next lecture, we'll see about the virtual private network.

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I'm pretty sure that most of you use weapons.

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But in the next lecture, let us have a clear idea of why do we need to use weapons and what are exactly

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weapons?